New Coded States
1 = 01: Andhra Pradesh
3 = 03: Assam
4 = 04: Bihar
5 = 05: Goa
6 = 06: Gujarat
7 = 07: Haryana
8 = 08: Himachal Pradesh
10 = 10: Karnataka
11 = 11: Kerala
12 = 12: Madhya Pradesh
13 = 13: Maharashtra
15 = 15: Meghalaya
18 = 18: Orissa
19 = 19: Punjab
20 = 20: Rajasthan
22 = 22: Tamil Nadu
23 = 23: Tripura
24 = 24: Uttar Pradesh
25 = 25: West Bengal
30 = 30: Delhi
32 = 32: Pondicherry

Q1: Let us first talk about this village/town you live in. How long have you lived here?
1 = 1: Less than 10 years
2 = 2: 10 years or more
3 = 3: Entire life

Q1a: (If not entire life) From which village/town have you come?
1 = 1: Rural to Rural Same state
2 = 2: Rural to Urban Same state
3 = 3: Urban to Rural same state
4 = 4: Urban to Urban Same state
5 = 5: Rural to Rural Other states
6 = 6: Rural to Urban other states
7 = 7: Urban to Rural Other states
8 = 8: Urban to Urban other states
9 = 9: Not applicable

Q1b: (If not entire life) Where have you lived most of your life in village or town?
1 = 1: Village
2 = 2: Town
3 = 3: Both
9 = 9: Inapplicable

Q2: In taliking to people about the recent elections to the Lok Sabha, we find that some people were able to vote and some were not able to vote. How about you? Were you able to vote or not?
1 = 1: No
2 = 2: Yes
8 = 8: Not sure

Q2c: (If voted) When did you finally make up your mind about who to vote for?
1 = 1: On the polling day
2 = 2: A few days before polling
3 = 3: As soon as the candidates were announced
4 = 4: Before the campaign
8 = 8: Can't say
9 = 9: Not applicable

Q2d: (If not voted) What was the main reason you could not vote in this election?
1 = 1: Did not know I was a voter
2 = 2: Out of station
3 = 3: Not well
4 = 4: Have no interest/did not feel like voting
5 = 5: Prevented by some people from voting
6 = 6: Somebody had already voted before I went to vote
7 = 7: Fear of violence at polling station
8 = 8: Others
9 = 9: Not applicable

Q3: Keeping in view the election results, who do you think deserved to form the govrnment at the Centre?
1 = 1: Congress/Congress led
2 = 2: BJP/BJP led
3 = 3: NF-LF/Third front
4 = 4: Others
5 = 5: No one
8 = 8: Don't know

Q4: No single party has got a majority in this Lok Sabha election. There are now two opinions about the formation of govt. Some say that different parties should come togather to form a govt. Others say election should be held again. What would you prefer?
1 = 1: Coalition government
2 = 2: Fresh elections
3 = 3: Others
8 = 8: Can't say/D.K.

Q5: In today's situation, who do you think can make the best Prime Minister of the country?
1 = 01: P.V. Narasimha Rao
2 = 02: L.K. Advani
3 = 03: Atal Bihari Vajpayee
4 = 04: V.P. Singh
8 = 08: H.D. Deve Gowda
13 = 13: Others
99 = 99: Can't say/D.K

Q6: Who won from this Parliamentry constituency in this election?
1 = 1: Incorrect/D.K.
2 = 2: Correct

Q7: Now let us talk about the campaign during this election. How interested were you in the election campaign this year--great deal, somewhat or not at all?
1 = 1: Not at all
2 = 2: Somewhat
3 = 3: Great deal

Q8: How many of the election meetings that parties and candidates organised during the campaign?
0 = 0: None
1 = 1: Some (one-two)
2 = 2: Many (More than two)

Q9: During the election people do various things like organizing election meetings, Joining processions, participating in canvassing, contributed money etc. to help a party or candidate. Did you do any such thing yourself during this election?
1 = 1: No
2 = 2: Yes

Q9b: (If yes in Q. 9) And, what did you do?
1 = 01: Helped organize election meetings
2 = 02: Joined processions
3 = 1+2
4 = 04: Participated in canvassing
5 = 1+4
6 = 2+4
7 = 1+2+4
8 = 08: Distributed publicity material
9 = 1+8
10 = 2+8
11 = 1+2+8
12 = 4+8
13 = 1+4+8
14 = 2+4+8
15 = 1+2+4+8
16 = 16: Contributed money
17 = 1+16
18 = 2+16
19 = 3+16
20 = 4+16
21 = 5+16
22 = 6+16
23 = 7+16
24 = 8+16
25 = 9+16
26 = 10+16
27 = 11+16
28 = 12+16
29 = 13+16
30 = 14+16
31 = 15+16
32 = 32: Others
99 = 99: Not applicable

Q11: In deciding whom to vote, were you guided by any one?
1 = 1: Yes
2 = 2: No

Q11a: (If yes) Whose advice did you value most?
1 = 1: Spouse
2 = 2: Other family members
3 = 3: Caste/community leaders
4 = 4: Friends/co-workers
7 = 7: Others
9 = 9: Not applicable

Q12: Now let us talk about relationship among people in your village/town/city. Would you say that compared to 5 years ago, the relationship between various groups of people has become more harmonious, reamained same or tension among groups has increased?
1 = 1: More harmonious
2 = 2: Same as before
3 = 3: Tension has increased
8 = 8: Don't know

Q12a: (If tension incresed) In your view, who among the following is best suited to resolve these tensions among various groups?
1 = 1: Village Panchayat
2 = 2: Government officials
3 = 3: Police
4 = 4: Judiciary
5 = 5: Caste/community leaders
7 = 7: Others
8 = 8: Don't know
9 = 9: Not applicable

Q13a: Relationship between different caste has become more harmonious. Do you agree to this or disagree?
1 = 1: Disagree
2 = 2: Don't know/No opinion
3 = 3: Agree

Q14: Some people say that struggle say that struggle, even when it leads to violence, is a proper method for the people to fulfil their demands, while others say that struggle is not a proper method if it leads to violence. How do you feel?
1 = 1: Not proper
2 = 2: Others
3 = 3: Proper
8 = 8: Don't know

Q15: Generally speaking did most members of your caste group/community vote for one party or for different parties?
1 = 1: One party
2 = 2: Different parties
8 = 8: Don't know

Q16: Do you think it is important or not important for you to vote the same way your caste group/community votes?
1 = 1: Not important
2 = 2: Important
8 = 8: Don't know

Q17: Some political parties specially care for the interest of particular caste group or community, while others don't. How about your caste group/community? Is there any political party that looks after the interest of your caste group/community?
1 = 1: No
2 = 2: Yes
8 = 8: Don't know

Q18a: Now let us talk about the problems facing this country. What in your opinion are some of the major problems facing our country? (1st problem)
1 = 01: Unemployment
2 = 02: Poverty
3 = 03: Price rise
4 = 04: Economic problem
5 = 05: Loan problem
10 = 10: Shelter
11 = 11: Food and clothing
12 = 12: Water problem
13 = 13: Electricity
14 = 14: Transport problem
15 = 15: Educational problem
16 = 16: Hospital problem
17 = 17: Fud
20 = 20: Law and order problem
21 = 21: Corruption
22 = 22: Terrorism problem
23 = 23: Political instability problem
28 = 28: Lack of prob.
30 = 30: More population
31 = 31: Problems for women
32 = 32: Casteism problems
33 = 33: Religious problems
34 = 34: Alcoholism problems
35 = 35: Poor exploitation
36 = 36: Secularism
37 = 37: Fall in moral values
40 = 40: Water for farmer
41 = 41: Agricultural problem
42 = 42: Land for cultivation
43 = 43: Low price for agricultural product
50 = 50: Lack of indutries
51 = 51: Industries problems
52 = 52: Flood
53 = 53: Local problems
89 = 89: No problems
90 = 90: Other problems
97 = 97: No second and third problems
98 = 98: Don't know/Can't say
99 = 99: Not specified

Q20: Leaving aside the period of elections, how much interest would you say you have in politics and public affairs, a great deal of interest, some interest or no interest at all?
1 = 1: No interest at all
2 = 2: Some interest
3 = 3: Great deal

Q21: How much in your opinion do political parties help to make government pay attention to the people-good deal, somewhat or not much?
1 = 1: Not much
2 = 2: Somewhat
3 = 3: Good deal
8 = 8: Don't know

Q22b: (If yes) What are the things about the party which you like most?
1 = 01: Leadership
2 = 02: Stable government
3 = 03: Not corrupt
4 = 04: Promotes equality
5 = 05: Good policies
6 = 06: For peace
7 = 07: Pro-poor
8 = 08: Takes care
9 = 09: Protects our religion
10 = 10: Secular party
11 = 11: Matter of habit
12 = 12: Protects nation
13 = 13: Social justice
90 = 90: Other reasons
98 = 98: Don't know/Can't say
99 = 99: Not applicable

Q23b: (If yes) What is that you do not like about?
1 = 01: Bad leadership
2 = 02: Inability to stable government
3 = 03: Corrupt party
4 = 04: Has not provided
5 = 05: Promotes violence
6 = 06: Exploites poor
7 = 07: Casteist party
8 = 08: Not secular party
9 = 09: Party of the rich
10 = 10: Foreign influenced
19 = 19: Bad policies
90 = 90: Other reasons
98 = 98: Don't know/Can't say
99 = 99: Not applicable

Q24: Now I would like to ask you about things that were done by Narasimha Rao's govt. in Delhi during the last 5 years, that you may have liked or disliked. Was there any thing that Rao's govt. did during the last 5 years that you particularly liked?
1 = 1: No
2 = 2: Yes
8 = 8: Does not know about any work done by the government

Q24a: (If yes) What was it?
0 = 00: Not entered/Not specified
1 = 01: Worked for farmers
2 = 02: Liberalisation
3 = 03: Stability
4 = 04: Development work
5 = 05: Literacy programme
6 = 06: Employment
7 = 07: General peace
8 = 08: Reference to different
90 = 90: Others
99 = 99: Not applicable

Q24b: Was there any thing in particular that you did not like?
1 = 1: No
2 = 2: Yes
8 = 8: Does not know about any work

Q24c: (If yes) What was it?
0 = 00: Not specified
1 = 01: Hawala scam
2 = 02: Other scams
3 = 03: Economic policies
4 = 04: Corruption
5 = 05: Work only for rich
6 = 06: No development
7 = 07: Price rise
8 = 08: Unemployment
9 = 09: Demolition of Babri Masjid
10 = 10: Violence
11 = 11: Terrorism
90 = 90: Others
99 = 99: Not applicable

Q25: Do you think your vote has effect on how things are run in this country or you think your vote makes no difference?
1 = 1: Makes no difference
2 = 2: Others
3 = 3: Has effect
8 = 8: Don't know

Q26a: Talking about the election just completed what do you think was the main issue around which the election was fought this time? (1st issue)
1 = 01: Corruption
2 = 02: Hawala scam
3 = 03: Other scams
4 = 04: Law and order
5 = 05: Terrorism
6 = 06: Local government
8 = 08: Stable government
9 = 09: Good government
10 = 10: Vote for change
11 = 11: Regional issues
12 = 12: Group in politics
20 = 20: Price rise
21 = 21: Unemployment
22 = 22: Economic liberisation
23 = 23: Reservation
24 = 24: Proverty
25 = 25: Land reforms
40 = 40: Communalism
41 = 41: Casteism
42 = 42: Babri Masjid
43 = 43: Uniform civil code
44 = 44: Prohibition
45 = 45: Women issues
46 = 46: Hinduism
60 = 60: Housing
61 = 61: Drinking water
62 = 62: Irrigation water
63 = 63: Other water problem issues
64 = 64: Road
65 = 65: Transport
66 = 66: Electricity
67 = 67: Schools
68 = 68: Flood control
80 = 80: Nationalism
81 = 81: National security
89 = 89: No issues
90 = 90: Other issues
97 = 97: No second and third issue
98 = 98: Don't know/Can't say
99 = 99: Not specified

Q27: Suppose there were no parties or assemblies and elections were not held-do you think that the government in this country can be run better?
1 = 1: No
2 = 2: Yes
8 = 8: Can't say/Don't know

Q29a: (If yes) Some people say that the demolition was justified while others say it was not justified-what would you say-was it justified or not justified?
1 = 1: Unjustified
2 = 2: Can't say/Don't know
3 = 3: Justified
9 = 9: Not applicable

Q29b: (If heard about demolition) What would you suggest should be built on that site?
1 = 1: Neither mosque nor temple
2 = 2: Mosque should be built
3 = 3: Temple should be built
4 = 4; Both mosque and temple should be built
5 = 5: Others
9 = 9: Not applicable

Q30: Would you say that persons we elect by voting generally care about what people like you think or that they don't care?
1 = 1: Don't care
2 = 2: Care
8 = 8: Don't know

Q32: Peoples' opinions are divided on the issue of Kashmir problem-some people say that the govt. should suppress the agitation by any means while others say that this problem should be resolved by nogotiation. What would you say in this regard?
1 = 1: Resolved through negotiation
2 = 2: Can't say
3 = 3: Should be suppressed
7 = 7: Others
8 = 8: No opinion

Q33a: (If yes) What are these changes?
1 = 01: Foreign companies
2 = 02: Privatisation
3 = 03: Liberalisation
4 = 04: Encouragement
5 = 05: Reducing in subsidies
6 = 06: Control over inflation
7 = 07: Export promotion
12 = 12: Improved economic condition
90 = 90: Others
99 = 99: Not applicable

Q33b: (If yes in Q33) On the whole do you approve or disapprove of these changes?
1 = 1:approve
2 = 2: Approve
8 = 8: Don't know
9 = 9: Not applicable

Q35: Some people say that the govt. should pass legislation so that people are not allowed to own and posses a large amount of land & property. Others say that people should be allowed to own as much land & property as they can make. What would you say?
1 = 1: Should not limit ownership
2 = 2: Others
3 = 3: Limit ownership
8 = 8: No opinion

Q36: Some people say that whatever progress was the last few years through development, schemes and programmes of the govt. has benefited only the well-to-do. Others say that the poor and needy have also benefited from them. What would you say?
1 = 1: Benefits gone to well-to-do
2 = 2: Others
3 = 3: Poor and needy also benefited
8 = 8: Don't know

Q37: People are generally concerned about what governments do-some are more concerned about what the govt in Delhi does, others are more concerned with what the state govt does. How about you?
1 = 1: Interested in neither
2 = 2: State government
3 = 3: Both
4 = 4: Government in Delhi
7 = 7: Others

Q38: Government has initiated several schemes and programmes for the benefit of the people such as housing scheme, employment schemes, old-age pension etc. Have you or your family ever availed of such benefits?
1 = 1: No
2 = 2: Yes
8 = 8: Don't know/No opinion

Q38a: (If yes) What type of benefits?
1 = 01: Housing Scheme
2 = 02: Rojgar yojna
3 = 03: Housing scheme & Rojgar yojna
4 = 04: Land allotment
5 = 05: Housing scheme and Land allotment
6 = 06: Rojgar yojna and land allotment
7 = 07: Housing scheme, Rojgar yojna & Land allotment
8 = 08: Old age pension
9 = 09: Housing scheme & old age pension
10 = 10: Rojgar yojna & old age pension
11 = 11: Housing scheme, Rojgar yojna & old age pension
12 = 12: Land allotment & old age pension
13 = 13: Housing scheme, Land allotment & Old age pension
14 = 14: Rojgar yojna, Land allotment & old age pension
15 = 15: Housing scheme, Rojgar yojna, Land allotment & old age p
16 = 16: Loan/subsidies
17 = 17: Housing scheme & loan subsidies
18 = 18: Rojgar yojna & loan/subsidies
19 = 19: Housing scheme, Rojgar yojna & loan subsidies
20 = 20: Land allotment and loan/subsidies
21 = 21: Housing scheme, land allotment and loan subsidies
22 = 22: Rojgar yojna, land allotment and loan subsidies
23 = 23: Housing scheme, Rogar yojna, land allotment & loan subsi
24 = 24: Old age pension and loan subsidies
25 = 25: Housing scheme, Old age pension & loan subsidies
26 = 26: Rojgar yojna, old age pension & loan subsidies
27 = 27: Housing scheme, Rojgar yojna, Old age pension & loan sub
29 = 29: Housing scheme, Land allotment, old age pension & Loan s
30 = 30: Rojgar yojna, Land allotment, old age pension & loan sub
31 = 31: Option 1,2,4,8 & 16
32 = 32: Others
99 = 99: Not applicable

Q39: Thinking about last ten years, would you say that the law and order situation in your area has improved, deteriorated or remained the same?
1 = 1: Deteriorated
2 = 2: Remained the same
3 = 3: Improved
8 = 8: Don't know

Q39a: (If deteriorated) Why was it deteriorated?
0 = 0: Not applicable
1 = 1: Political reason
2 = 2: Political leaders
3 = 3: Corruption
4 = 4: Casteism
5 = 5: Communalism
6 = 6: Unemployment
7 = 7: Alcoholism
8 = 8: Don't know/Can't say
9 = 9: Others

Q41b: (If no) Were you ever a member of any political party?
1 = 1: No
2 = 2: Yes
9 = 9: Not applicable

Q42a(1): (If yes) What are these (1st organisation)?
0 = 0: Not applicable
1 = 1: Hindu caste organisation
2 = 2: Hindu depressed
3 = 3: Hindu religious organisation
4 = 4: Muslim religious organisation
5 = 5: Other minorities
8 = 8: Others
9 = 9: No second organisation

Q43a(1): (If yes) What are these (1st organisation)?
0 = 00: Not applicable
1 = 01: Marchanised sector
2 = 02: Farmer/Agricultural association
3 = 03: Non-mechanism
4 = 04: Private employees
5 = 05: Traders
6 = 06: Transporters
7 = 07: Teachers
8 = 08: Governtment employees
9 = 09: Farmers union
19 = 19: Other trade union
20 = 20: Film society
21 = 21: RSS
22 = 22: Literary society
30 = 30: Cooperative society
31 = 31: Consumer cooperative
40 = 40: Educational
41 = 41: Government committee
90 = 90: Others
97 = 97: No second response
98 = 98: Don't know/Can't say
99 = 99: Not applicable

Q44: There is quite a bit of talk these days about different social classes. Some people say they belong to the middle class, others say they belong to working class. Now thinking of people like you, to which class would you say you belong?
1 = 1: Middle class
2 = 2: Working class
7 = 7: Others

Q44a: Do you think that the people of some other classes come in way of progress and welfare of the people of your class, or do you think this is not the case?
1 = 1: Come in way
2 = 2: Do not come in way

Q44b: (If come in way) People of which class?
1 = 01: Upper class
2 = 02: Middle class
3 = 03: Working class
4 = 04: Government official
5 = 05: Landlords
10 = 10: Upper caste
11 = 11: Yadavs
12 = 12: OBCs
13 = 13: Lower caste
20 = 20: Muslims
21 = 21: Other religious class
30 = 30: Politicians
40 = 40: Others
98 = 98: Don't know/Can't say
99 = 99: Not applicable

Q45: During the last few years, has your financial situation improved, worsened or has it stayed the same?
1 = 1: Worsened
2 = 2: Same
3 = 3: Improved

Q46: In whatever financial condition you are placed today, on the whole, are you satisfied with your present financial situations, somewhat satisfied or not satisfied?
1 = 1: Not satisfied
2 = 2: Somewhat satisfied
3 = 3: Satisfied

Q47: Now looking ahead and thinking about the next few years, do you expect that your financial situation will stay about the way it is now, get better or get worse?
1 = 1: Worse
2 = 2: Same
3 = 3: Better
8 = 8: Don't know/Can't Say

Q48: Looking to your needs and the needs of your household, how much income per month do you think you must have to meet your needs?
99999 = 99999: Not specified

Q53: Who was the previous M.P. from this constituency?
1 = 1: Incorrect/Don't know
2 = 2: Correct

Q57: (If yes) How often do you read newspaper-regularly, sometimes or rarely?
1 = 1: Rarely
2 = 2: Sometimes
3 = 3: Regularly
9 = 9: Not applicable

Q60: Of those, on which source did you depend most for getting information about elections, parties and candidates?
0 = 0: None
1 = 1: Newspaper
2 = 2: Radio
3 = 3: T.V.
4 = 4: Newspaper and Radio
5 = 5: Newspaper and T.V.
6 = 6: Radio and T.V.
7 = 7: All three

Q61: This time the newspapers and magazines carried several surveys and forecaste about who will win the elections. Did you read it or hear about it?
1 = 1: Read
2 = 2: Heard
3 = 3: Neither read nor heard
8 = 8: Don't know

Q61a: (If read or heard) do you think your voting decision was influenced by it?
1 = 1: No
2 = 2: Yes
8 = 8: Don't know
9 = 9: Not applicable

Q61b: (If yes) In what way?
1 = 1: Vote A->B (Winner)
2 = 2: Vote A->B (Losser)
3 = 3: Non vote->Vote (winner)
4 = 4: Non vote->Vote (Losser)
5 = 5: Vote->Non vote (Winner)
6 = 6: Vote->Non Vote (Losser)
7 = 7: Others
8 = 8: Can't say/Don't know
9 = 9: Not applicable

B2: Sex
1 = 1: Male
2 = 2: Female

B3: Marital status
1 = 1: Unmarried
2 = 2: Married
3 = 3: Divorced etc.

B4a: Level of Education (Respondent)
1 = 1: Illiterate
2 = 2: Literate-no formal education
3 = 3: Primary
4 = 4: Middle school
5 = 5: High school
6 = 6: College-no degree
7 = 7: College-degree
8 = 8: Post graduate/Professional
9 = 9: Not specified

B5: What is/has been your main occupation?
1 = 01: Executives, Managers, Professionals and officials
2 = 02: Professionals and officers (Class II)
3 = 03: White-Collar
4 = 04: Class IV employees in Govt./non-Govt. sector
11 = 11: Skilled workers
12 = 12: Craftsmen and Artisans (Group I)
13 = 13: Semi-skilled workers
14 = 14: Craftsmen and Artisans (Group II)
15 = 15: Unskilled workers
16 = 16: Domestic servants/maid servants
21 = 21: Petty business
22 = 22: Small scale business
23 = 23: Large scale business
31 = 31: Farmers with 5 or more acres of land
32 = 32: Farmers with 1-4.99 acres of land
33 = 33: Farmers with less than 1 acre of land
34 = 34: Share-cropper
35 = 35: Agricultural labourers with some land of their own
36 = 36: Landless agricultural labour
37 = 37: Tea/Coffee/Rubber plantation workers
41 = 41: Poultry and Dairy farming
42 = 42: Fishermen
43 = 43: Shepherd, Cattle Grazers, Toddy tapers
44 = 44: Hunters
50 = 50: Unemployed/non worker
51 = 51: Student
52 = 52: Housewife
80 = 80: Other occupations
99 = 99: Not specified

B11: Religion
1 = 1: Hindu
2 = 2: Muslim
3 = 3: Christian
4 = 4: Sikh
5 = 5: Buddhist
6 = 6: Jain
7 = 7: Parsi
8 = 8: Others
9 = 9: Not specified

B12a: Caste group
1 = 1: SC
2 = 2: ST
3 = 3: OBC
4 = 4: Others

B14: Source of drinking water
1 = 1: Tap water
2 = 2: Handpump
3 = 3: Option 1 & 2
4 = 4: Well
5 = 5: Option 1 & 4
6 = 6: Option 2 & 4
7 = 7: Option 1,2 & 4
8 = 8: River/Tank
9 = 9: Option 1 & 8
10 = 10: Option 2 & 8
11 = 11: Option 1,2 & 8
12 = 12: Option 4 & 8
13 = 13: Option 1,4 & 8
14 = 14: Option 2,4 & 8
15 = 15: Option 1,2,4 & 8
16 = 16: Others

B15: Type of residential accommodation
1 = 1: Pucca
2 = 2: Pucca-Kutcha mixed
3 = 3: Kutcha
4 = 4: Hut

B16: Assertain sanitary of the living surrounding
1 = 1: Clean
2 = 2: Average
3 = 3: Unclean
4 = 4: Very unclean

B17: Locality
1 = 1: Rural
2 = 2: Urban

B18: Place of interview
1 = 1: R's home
2 = 2: R's place of work
3 = 3: Public place
7 = 7: Others

B19: Was any one else present at the time of interview?
1 = 1: No one present
2 = 2: Others present but they took no part
3 = 3: Other took part

1 = 1: Very co-operative
2 = 2: Co-operative but did not seem actively interested
3 = 3: Un co-operative